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Òˆ «“√ “√°“√·æ∑¬å·ºπ‰∑¬·≈–°“√·æ∑¬å∑“߇≈◊Õ° ªï∑’Ë ı©∫—∫∑’Ë Ò ¡°√“§¡ - ‡¡…“¬π Úıı

¥â“πÕàÕπ‚¬π¢Õ߇¢“. ‡¢“¡’·π«‚πâ¡∑’Ë®–§∫À“‡æ◊ËÕπ∑’˪√– ∫ «—¬‡¥Á°‰¥â. §√‘ ‚μ‡øÕ√å‰¡à “¡“√∂‡ª≈’Ë¬π ¿“æ°“√≥姫“¡
ªí≠À“™’«‘μÕ¬à“߇¥’¬«°—∫‡¢“. ·μàπ‘ —¬‡™àππ’ȉ¡à‰¥â™à«¬∫√√‡∑“ æ√àÕß„À⇪ìπ∑√—æ¬å ¡∫—μ‘. ¢â“懮Ⓣ¥â∫Õ°§√‘ ‚μ‡øÕ√å«à“°“√

ªí≠À“‰¥â‡≈¬ ‡ªìπ‡æ√“–«à“‡¡◊ËÕ·μà≈–§Ÿà∑’˧∫À“°—π¡’§«“¡ μ“∫Õ¥¢Õ߇¢“‡ªìπ ¡∫—μ‘¡’§à“μàÕ°“√∑”ß“πª√–μ‘¡“°√√¡ ∑’Ë
ª√“√∂𓇙àπ‡¥’¬«°—π „π∑’Ë ÿ¥∑—ÈߧŸà°Á¬—ß§ß ‘ÈπÀ«—߇À¡◊Õπ‡¥‘¡ ∑”„Àâß“πª√–μ‘¡“°√√¡¢Õ߇¢“¡’∫“ß ‘Ëß∫“ßÕ¬à“ß摇»…∑’Ë√—∫
‡æ√“–‰¡à¡’Õ–‰√∑’Ë®– π—∫ πÿπ„Àâ·°à°—π. §√‘ ‚μ‡øÕ√å¡’‡æ◊ËÕπ √Ÿâ ÷°‰¥â‚¥¬ —¡º— ∑’ˉ¡à¡’ª√–μ‘¡“°√μ“¥’„¥∑’Ë “¡“√∂∑”‰¥â.

™◊ËÕ∫äÕ∫®“°§√Õ∫§√—«∑’Ë¡’§«“¡√—°§«“¡Õ∫Õÿàπ. ∫äÕ∫„Àâ°“√ ∑“ß ”π—°»“ π“ª√–°“»«à“§«“¡æ‘°“√∑“ß “¬μ“¢Õߧ√‘ ‚μ
π—∫ πÿπ·≈–§«“¡‡ÀÁπÕ°‡ÀÁπ„®™π‘¥∑’˧√‘ ‚μ‡øÕ√å‚À¬À“ ‡øÕ√剥âª√– “∑· ß «à“ß∑’Ë¡’§ÿ≥§à“¬‘ËßÕ¬Ÿà¿“¬„πμ—«‡¢“.
®÷ß àߺ≈„Àâ¡‘μ√¿“欗Ë߬◊π.
∑—Èß Õߧπ‡§√àß»“ π“. ®“°∫ÿ§≈‘°∑’Ë¡’‡ πàÀå §√‘ ‚μ‡øÕ√å «‘®“√≥å

°≈“¬‡ªìππ—°‡∑»πå∏ÿ¥ß§å∑’Ë¡’™◊ËÕ. ‡¢“·≈–∫äÕ∫∑’ˇªìπ™à“ß ‚¥¬ª√– ∫°“√≥å¢Õßπ—°»‘≈ª°√√¡∫”∫—¥ ®–μâÕ߇§¬
‡§√◊ËÕ߬πμå™—Èπ‡¬’Ë¬¡‰¥â‡¥‘π∑“߉ª¥â«¬°—π∑—Ë« À√—∞œ. ‡¢“ —¡º— ºŸâªÉ«¬∑’Ë¡’æ√ «√√§å‚¥¥‡¥àπ∑“ß»‘≈ª– ·≈–‡°‘¥§«“¡

À“‡ß‘π‰¥â¡“°æÕ∑’Ë®–®à“¬‡ß‘π‡¥◊Õπ„Àâ∫äÕ∫·≈–§à“∫”√ÿß√—°…“ √Ÿâ ÷°μâÕß°“√™à«¬ª√–§—∫ª√–§Õ߇ªìπ摇»…‡°‘π°«à“¿“√–Àπâ“∑’Ë
√∂¬πμå·≈–∫â“π„π‡∑Á°´— . ¿“√–ß“ππ—°‡∑»πå∑”„Àâ§√‘ ‚μ ª√°μ‘. ”À√—∫°√≥’§√‘ ‚μ‡øÕ√å∑’Ë¡’·««π—°ª√–μ‘¡“°√√¡
‡øÕ√å¡’‚Õ°“ πâÕ¬∑’Ë„Àâ ”À√—∫ß“πª√–μ‘¡“°√√¡. ¢â“懮ⓇμÁ¡„®Õÿ∑‘»‡«≈“„Àâ ·≈–‰¥â∑”μ—«‡ªìπª√–μ‘¡“°√∑’Ë¡’
„π™à«ß∑’ˇ¢“¡“æ—°Õ“»—¬„π𑫬Õ√å°√–¬–Àπ÷Ëß §√‘ ‚μ‡øÕ√å §«“¡ “¡“√∂ ´÷Ëß‚¥¬·∑â®√‘ß·≈â«μ—«‡Õ߬—ߥâÕ¬∑—°…–„πß“ππ’È.

·«–¡“∑’Ë∫â“π¢Õߢâ“懮⓷≈–ªíôπÀÿàπ¢’Ⱥ÷Èß ç μ√’ºŸâπ” (prophe- „π¢≥–‡¥’¬«°—π ¢â“懮⓬—ßμâÕߪؑ∫—μ‘Àπâ“∑’Ë∫”∫—¥‡æ◊ËÕ≈âÕ¡
tess)é (√Ÿª∑’Ë Ù). »—°¬¿“æ∑“ߪ√–μ‘¡“°√√¡¢Õ߇¢“¬—߉¡à≈¥ °—¥°“√∂à“¬‚Õ𧫓¡√Ÿâ ÷°¢Õ߇¢“‰ª¬—ߺŸâ∫”∫—¥ (transference)
≈߇≈¬. ·≈–§«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°‚μâ°≈—∫®“°ºŸâ∫”∫—¥ (countertransference),

μ≈Õ¥™’«‘μ«—¬√ÿàπ·≈–«—¬Àπÿà¡¢Õߧ√‘ ‚μ‡øÕ√å ‡¢“„™â À√◊Õ “¡“√∂¬Õ¡√—∫æƒμ‘°√√¡∑”≈“¬≈â“ß·≈–°“√∑”√⓬
»“ π“·≈–»‘≈ª– à߇ √‘¡´÷Ëß°—π·≈–°—π. ¥â«¬§«“¡‡§√àߧ√—¥∑“ß μπ‡ÕߢÕ߇¢“‰¥â. ·μà·≈â«¢â“懮â“μâÕßÀ¬ÿ¥∑”μπ‡¬’Ë¬ßπ—°∫”∫—¥
»“ π“∑’ËÀπ—°Àπà«ß‰¡à¬Õ¡√Õ¡™Õ¡ ∑”„À⇢“‰¥â√—∫‚§√ß √â“ß „À⇰’¬√쑇¢“‡¬’ˬßπ—°‡√’¬π‰¡à„™àºŸâªÉ«¬ ¡‘©–π—Èπ¢â“懮⓰Á®– Ÿ≠

·≈–Õ”π“®§«∫§ÿ¡ „π¢≥–∑’Ë»‘≈ª–„ÀâÕ‘ √¿“æ∑“ߧ«“¡√Ÿâ ÷° ‡ ’¬‡¢“‰ª. Õ¬à“߉√°Á¥’ ¢â“懮â“μâÕߧլμ◊Ëπμ—«μàÕ§«“¡π÷°§‘¥
¿“¬„π ·≈–§«“¡¿Ÿ¡‘„®„𧫓¡ ”‡√Á®∑’Ë¡—Ëπ§ß. „π à«π≈÷°¢Õ߇¢“ ‚¥¬‰¡àÀ¬‘∫¬◊Ë𧫓¡™à«¬‡À≈◊Õ¥â“πÕ“√¡≥å
§«“¡ ”‡√Á®„π™’«‘μ‰¡à “¡“√∂™¥‡™¬§«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°‰¡à ∑’ˇ°‘π¢Õ∫‡¢μ§«“¡ —¡æ—π∏å¢Õ߇√“.

¡∫Ÿ√≥åæ√âÕ¡®“°§«“¡æ‘°“√∑“ß “¬μ“‰¥â À√◊Õ·¡â·μ৫“¡ „π°√≥’§√‘ ‚μ‡øÕ√å∑’Ë𔇠πÕ„π∫∑π’È ‰¥â™à«¬„Àâμ√–Àπ—°
√—°·≈–°“√‰¥â√—∫§«“¡π‘¬¡π—∫∂◊Õ„π™à«ß∑⓬¢Õß™’«‘μ °Á‰¡à ™—¥«à“ 绑≈ª–‡æ◊ËÕ°“√∫”∫—¥é À√◊Õ ç»‘≈ª°√√¡∫”∫—¥é ¡’∫∑∫“∑
“¡“√∂‡¬’¬«¬“∫“¥·º≈∑“ßÕ“√¡≥å∑’ˉ¥â√—∫„π«—¬∑“√°·≈– Õ¬à“߉√.

Abstract

Case History of “Christopher”
Lertsiri Bovornkitti*, Nuntharat Charoenkul †
†
*Faculty of Fine and Applied Arts, Burapha University, Chonburi Province, Faculty of Education, Chulalongkorn
University, Bangkok
This paper is an edited, transcribed version of the article (chapter 12) in Edith Kramer’s book entitled
“Art as Therapy”. It describes art in the context of therapeutic means for blind persons, elaborated by a case
history of a blind patient, named Christopher, who gained eminent benefit from Kramer’s practice. The case
history represents a critical viewpoint on the value of art therapy for the blind.

Key words: case history, art therapy, blindness