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                     §“√å≈ ¡“√å°´å  ‰¥â°≈à“«∂÷ß°“√§âπæ∫∑—Èß “¡ ‘Ëßπ’È„πÀπ—ß ◊Õ ç°“√ª√–¬ÿ°µå∑“ß°“√·æ∑¬å

            ∏√√¡™“µ‘ ·≈–«‘∑¬“»“ µ√åé (The Application of Medicine, Nature and Science) «à“ 祑πªóπ
            ‰¥â√–‡∫‘¥™π™—Èππ—°√∫ÕÕ°‡ªìπ‡ ’Ë¬ßÊ ·≈–‡¢Á¡∑‘»‰¥â∂Ÿ°„™â‡ªî¥µ≈“¥‚≈°·≈– √â“ßÕ“≥“π‘§¡ ¢≥–∑’Ë
            °“√æ‘¡æ剥â°≈“¬‡ªìπ‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ¢Õß°“√»÷°…“„À¡à  ·≈–‡§√◊ËÕß¡◊Õ¢Õß°“√øóôπøŸ«‘∑¬“»“ µ√å·≈–‡ªìπ
            §“πß—¥∑’Ë·¢Áß·√ß∑’Ë ÿ¥´÷Ë߇ªìπæ◊Èπ∞“𠔧—≠„π°“√ √â“ß·≈–æ—≤π“®‘µ«‘≠≠“≥é

                     „π¬ÿ§¥—ß°≈à“«®’π‡√‘Ë¡¡’°“√„™â∏π∫—µ√ ·≈–¡’°“√æ—≤π“∑—Èß∑“ߥ“√“»“ µ√å·≈–°≈»“ µ√åÕ¬à“ß
             ”§—≠¥â«¬

                     „π¬ÿ§√“™«ß»å´àß®÷ß¡’°“√ª–∑–∑“ߧ«“¡§‘¥Õ¬à“ß·√ß√–À«à“ß·π«§‘¥µ“¡≈—∑∏‘¢ß®◊ÍÕ°—∫§«“¡
            √Ÿâ„À¡àÊ (new learning)


                     ¡’æ—≤π“°“√∑“ß°“√·æ∑¬åÀ≈“¬ª√–°“√„π¬ÿ§¥—ß°≈à“« ‰¥â·°à

                     5.1 °“√™”√–·≈–æ‘¡æ出¬·æ√ൔ√“·æ∑¬å  ¡’°“√¥”‡π‘π°“√µ“¡≈”¥—∫ ¥—ßπ’È
                     §.». 971   æ√–®—°√æ√√¥‘¡’æ√–√“™‚Õß°“√„Àâ¡’‚§√ß°“√æ∫ª– —ß √√§å¢Õßπ—°ª√“™≠å
            ºŸâ‡™’ˬ«™“≠∑“ß°“√·æ∑¬å (The Imperial Edict of Visiting Scholars With Outstanding

            Medical Skills)
                     §.». 981   ¡’æ√–√“™‚Õß°“√„À⇠“–À“µ”√“·æ∑¬å ‚¥¬°“√´◊ÈÕÀ“¡“‡ªìπ®”π«π¡“°
                     §.». 1026 ¡’°“√ – ¡µ”√“·æ∑¬å·≈–µ”√—∫¬“‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡Õ’°¡“°

                     §.». 1057 ®—¥µ—Èß ”π—°ß“π™”√–µ”√“·æ∑¬å (The Proofing Bureau for Medical
            Books) „π ∂“∫—π·æ∑¬åŒ—ËπÀ≈‘π (The Hanlin Medical Officers’ Academy) „™â‡«≈“ 10 ªï √–À«à“ß
            §.». 1068-1077 ™”√–µ”√“·æ∑¬å‚∫√“≥ ‡™àπ §—¡¿’√å´Ÿà‡«‘π ¡’°“√·°â‰¢°«à“ 6000 §” ·≈–¡’§”Õ∏‘∫“¬

            ‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡°«à“ 2,000 ·Ààß µ”√“µà“ßʉ¥â√—∫°“√™”√–·≈–‡º¬·æ√à∑”„À≥â√—∫§«“¡‡™◊ËÕ∂◊Õ‡ªìπµ”√“
            Õâ“ßÕ‘ßµàÕ¡“‡ªìπ‡«≈“°«à“æ—πªï


                     5.2 °“√°àÕµ—Èß ”π—°‡¿ —™«‘∑¬“·Ààß™“µ‘¡’°“√æ—≤π“∑—Èß°“√º≈‘µ·≈–®”Àπà“¬¬“ ‡ª≈’ˬπ

            ™◊ËÕ‚√ßß“πº≈‘µ¬“ (Drug Processing Workshop) ‡ªìπ çµ”√—∫‡«™ª√“≥’°“√ÿ≠‚Õ ∂ ∂“πé (Medical
            Grace Formulas Benevolent Dispensary) ·≈– ∂“π®”Àπà“¬¬“‡ª≈’ˬπ™◊ËÕ‡ªìπ 燫™°“√ÿ≠‚Õ ∂
             ∂“πé (Medical Benevolent Dispensary)



                     5.3 °“√æ—≤π“√–∫∫°“√»÷°…“·æ∑¬å   ∂“∫—π·æ∑¬åÀ≈«ß‰¥âæ—≤π“√–∫∫°“√»÷°…“
            ·æ∑¬å ·∫àßπ—°»÷°…“ÕÕ°‡ªìπ 3 √–¥—∫ ¡’°“√ Õ∫‡≈◊ËÕπ™—Èπ∑ÿ° 2 ªï ·∫àß‚√ß欓∫“≈‚√߇√’¬π·æ∑¬å‡ªìπ

            3 ·ºπ°  1) ·ºπ°Õ“¬ÿ√»“ µ√å  Ÿµ‘»“ µ√å  ·≈–°ÿ¡“√‡«™»“ µ√å  2) ·ºπ°Ωí߇¢Á¡·≈–√¡¬œ
            3) ·ºπ°‚√§¿“¬πÕ° ´÷Ëß√«¡∂÷ß»—≈¬»“ µ√å °“√√—°…“°“√∫“¥‡®Á∫ ·≈–°“√®—¥°√–¥Ÿ°
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