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1) Points considered to be both mas- The vertical line passes through the poste-

sage points and SPs (ie. Poed Pratu Lom rior axillary line, whereas the horizontal line
point, ISP2, BSP, and SSP1) passes through and lies behind the end of

Poed Pratu Lom (‡ªî¥ª√–μŸ≈¡) point is the deltoid muscle (Figure 2). OSP3 is adja-
located at the middle point of the medial arm cent to the lateral epicondyle, while the arm
[1,4,5] o
that corresponds to ISP2 (Figure 1). flexes at an angle of approximately 90 (Fig-
BSP is the intersecting point between a ure 4). OSP4 is the point adjacent to the medial
vertical line passing through the posterior epicondyle, while the arm flex at an angle of
o
angle of the acromion process and a poste- approximately 90 . OSP5 is the intersecting
rior horizontal axillary line approximately 1 point between an imaginary vertical line and
fingerbreadth (2 cm) below the posterior horizontal line. The vertical line passes
[1,4,5]
axillary fold that corresponds to SSP1 through the midline of the forearm, whereas
(Figure 2). the horizontal line is drawn approximately two
2) Signaling points fifths of the way down the forearm from the

ISP1 is the intersecting point between lateral epicondyle, when the arm is flexing at
o [1, 5]
a vertical line passing through the anterior an angle of approximately 135 (Figure
angle of the acromion process and an ante- 4).

rior horizontal axillary line adjacent to the SSP2 is the intersecting point of a verti-
anterior axillary fold (Figure 3). ISP3 is the cal line passing through the lobule of the ear

middle point of the elbow joint and lies in with a horizontal line drawn adjacent to the
front of the elbow (Figure 3). ISP4 is the middle angle of the chin (Figure 5). SSP3 lies ap-
point of the forearm and lies in front of the proximately one fingerbreadth inferior to SSP2.

forearm (Figure 3). ISP5 is approximately 1
fingerbreadth (2 cm) above the carpal joint,
[1,5]
and lies in front of the forearm (Figure 3).
OSP1 is the intersecting point between
a vertical line passing through the posterior

angle of the acromion process and a poste-
rior axillary line with a posterior horizontal
axillary line adjacent to the posterior axillary
Figure 4 Posterolateral aspect of a right upper limb
fold. OSP2 is the intersecting point between showing the locations of OSP3 (3) and
an imaginary vertical line and horizontal line. OSP5 (5).