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522 วารสารการแพทย์แผนไทยและการแพทย์ ทางเลือก ปีที่ 21 ฉบับที่ 3 กันยายน-ธันวาคม 2566

tify which intervention they received. Never- matory mediators involved in inflammation [7]
theless, it needs to be in keeping with the TA and a modulation of sirtuins activity which
formulations as a clear, colorless solution to further activates transcription and expression

[9]
avoid any impact on the therapeutic efficacy of inflammatory markers. In addition, it has
and safety of the mouthwash as the US FDA been claimed as a powerful enhancer of wound
has approved that a yellow color (tartarzine and healing by modulating cell proliferation, colla-
[19]
sunset yellow) has antimicrobial activity. gen synthesis and decreasing reactive oxygen
[10]
In addition, tartarzine has been reported to ex- species. As oxidative stress and inflamma-
[20]
ert an antioxidant property whereas sunset tory factors play important roles in the patho-
yellow has been found to exhibit an immuno- genesis of OLP, curcuminoids or curcumin
[21]
modulatory property. Moreover, both dyes may offer potential benefits in treatment of
may cause an allergy. OLP. A previous randomized, double-blinded,
[22]
Only 2 of the 20 patients included in placebo-controlled trial of oral curcuminoids at
the clinical study were male which reflected a dose of 2,000-6,000 mg/day in OLP patients
similar results presented in previous studies for 2-4 weeks had shown a controversial
that women were more prone to OLP than result of no detectable effect and significant

men. The age range of patients included efficacy in controlling signs and symptoms
[23]
in the study and the severity of the disease of OLP which may be related to an extremely
corroborated with the literature showing a poor bioavailability of curcuminoids that

higher prevalence of OLP in the age groups need a high-dose of oral administration. [24-25]
between 30-60 years and that erosive reticular Consequently, the idea of using topical cur-
(mild/marked erythema) type OLP was most cuminoids is more interesting and viable in
commonly found. In the present study, cultures management of OLP. A randomized controlled
from 80% of patients in each intervention trial in evaluating the efficacy of a topical 5%

group were found positive for C. albicans. curcuminoids oral paste in treating OLP by
Either curcuminoids or pure curcumin applying it three times a day for four weeks
has been known widely as a potent antioxi- compared with that of 0.1% TA oral paste

dant agent due to its free radicals scavenging showed that no statistically significant differ-
activity and activation of the Nrf2-ARE path- ence was noted between the two interven-
[13]
way which prevent the decline of antioxidant tion groups. Notwithstanding, patients
enzyme activities. It has also been shown preferred TA paste to curcuminoids due to the
[7-8]
to exhibit potent anti-inflammatory efficacy undesirable yellowish color of curcuminoids

through an inhibition on the activity of various particularly on exposed areas, and it had a
pro-inflammatory enzymes including inflam- burning sensation that might have affected