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Background and Rationale cal marker for quality control of both herbal

Andrographis paniculata (Burmann filius) material and herbal medicinal product and it
Nees, also known commonly as çKing of is required that the content of andrographolide

Bittersé, is a member of the plant family should be not less than 1.0 %w/w, as deter-
[24]
Acanthaceae, and has been used for centu- mined by HPLC-UV method. However, the
ries as traditional medicine in Asia and standard method described for sample pre-

Scandinavia for prevention and treatment of paration remains unchanged and reflux extrac-
[22-24]
fever, dysentery, diarrhea, inflammation, sore tion has been used since 1995 up to now.
[1-12]
throat, and snakebites. Furthermore, it is Reflux extraction is the most widely used
a promising new way for the treatment of conventional technique for the extraction of
[13]
several serious diseases, including HIV , and diterpenoids from A. paniculata (Burmann fi-
numerous symptoms associated with immune lius) Nees. However, it causes the consump-
[14-16]
disorders. The main active constituents tion of large amounts of volatile and ha-
of A. paniculata (Burmann filius) Nees include zardous organic solvents, needs long extrac-

flavonoids and diterpenes, especially labdane tion times and consumes more energy. Fur-
diterpenes such as andrographolide, dehy- thermore, the extraction efficiency of diter-
droandrographolide and neoandrogra- penoids by conventional extraction method
[17-20] [25,26]
pholide. The local plant name of is not satisfactory and might not be ap-
Andrographis paniculata (Burmann filius) plicable in routine quality control analysis for

Nees in Thailand is çFa-Tha-Laié or çFa-Tha- most of the Thai traditional medicine manu-
Lai-Choné. çFa-Tha-Lai-Choné is included in facturers since they do not equip with labo-
the Thai National List of Essential Medicines ratory facility to perform reflux extraction. Use

and is classified as çHerbal Medicinal of harmful chemicals and large amounts of
Productsé for the treatment of diarrhea, sore solvents also cause environmental pollution
[21]
throat, and common cold. çFa-Tha-Laié has and health hazards to laboratory personnel.
been established in the Thai Herbal Pharma- Therefore, it is important to improve conven-
copoeia (THP) since 1995 as herbal material tional extraction technique and establish an
while that of the herbal medicinal product efficient, simple and rapid extract method for

(Fa-Tha-Lai Capsules) has been established the assay of andrographolide content in Andro-
[22,23]
since 2004. According to the THP mono- graphis herb and herbal medicinal product.
graphs çFa-Tha-Laié and çFa-Tha-Lai Ultrasound-assisted solvent extraction
Capsulesé, andrographolide is used as chemi- (ultrasonication) is a modified maceration