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OP-9

Anti-proliferative activity in cancer cell lines of methanol extracts of plants

selected from Thai medicinal plant recipe database MANOSROI II

1,2 1 3 4
Jiradej Manosroi , Hiroyuki Akazawa , Toshihiro Akihisa , Pramote Stienrut ,
5 1,2
Worapaka Manosroi , Aranya Manosroi
1
Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University., Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
2
Natural Products Research and Development Center (NPRDC), Science and Technology Research Institute (STRI),
Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
3
College of Science and Technology, Nihon University, Tokyo 101-8308, Japan
4
Department of Thai Traditional and Alternative Medicine, Institute of Thai Traditional Medicine, Nonthaburi 11000,
Thailand
5
Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand

Rationale: Thai medicinal recipes for cancer treatment have been recorded and used over hundreds years
ago. From our previous studies, four recipes have shown potent anti-proliferative activity against cancer cell
lines (KB, HepG2, HT-29, HeLa). Hence, the study of single plant will be beneficial for the investigation of single
compound for further development of novel anti-cancer drug.
Objective: To evaluate the anti-proliferative activity of the methanol extracts of 23 plants from 4 Thai
medicinal plant recipes in human cancer cell lines.
Methodology: Fifty grams of powdered and dried plant were extracted with methanol under reflux. The
solutions were evaporated and dried. Phytochemical screening was carried out on all extracts using standard
procedures to identify the constituents (alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, steroids, saponins, anthraquino-
nes). Anti-proliferative activities of each extracts were assayed by sulforhodamine B (SRB) method in human
mouth epidermal carcinoma (KB), hepatoma (HepG2) and colon adenocarcinoma (HT-29) cervical adenocarci-
noma (HeLa) cell lines.
Results: Twenty three plants were selected from 4 medicinal plant recipes. Almost all of methanol ex-
tracts of these plants were positive for steroids and terpenoids. Gloriosa superba L. extract showed the highest
activity among the 23 plants which was about 100 folds of cisplatin, anti-cancer drug (IC = 4.5 (KB), 26.4
50
(HepG2), 48.4 (HT-29), 5.5 (HeLa) μg/ml) in KB cell line. The extracts which showed active anti-proliferative
activities with IC values less than 20 μg/ml in 4 cell lines were as follows (the following fold showed active for
50
cisplatin): In KB cell lines, Albizia chinensis (Osbeck) Merr. (wood, Thai name; Kang Luang, Leguminosae-
Mimosoideae, IC = 0.16 μg/ml, 28 folds), and G. superba L. (root, Thai name; Dong Dueng, Colchinaceae, IC
50 50
= 0.045 μg/ml, 100 folds); In HepG2 cell lines, A. chinensis (IC = 5.7 (g/ml, 4.6 folds), Hydnophytum formicarum
50
Jack (bulb, Thai name; Hua Roi Ru, Rubiaceae, IC = 12.2 μg/ml, 2.2 folds), and Rhinacanthus nasutus (L.)
50
Kunth (whole, Thai name; Thong Phan Chang, Acanthaceae, IC = 9.7 μg/ml, 2.7 folds); In HT-29 cell lines, A.
50
chinensis (IC = 8.2 μg/ml, 5.9 folds), Caesalpinia sappan L. (wood, Thai name; Fang, Nam Khong, Caesalpiniaceae,
50
5
IC = 1.8 μg/ml, 27 folds), and G. superba (IC = 0.00014 μg/ml, 3.5x10 folds); In HeLa cell lines, A. chinensis
50 50
(IC = 10.6 μg/ml, 0.51 folds), C. sappan (IC = 4.1 μg/ml, 1.3 folds), G. superba (IC = 0.33 μg/ml, 16 folds),
50 50 50
Pouzolzia pentandra Benn. (leaf, Thai name; Ya Mon Yai, Urticaceae, IC = 9.9 μg/ml, 0.56 folds), and Psophocarpus
50
tetragonolobus (L.) DC. (rhizome, Thai name; Thua Phu, Leguminosae-Papilionoideae, IC = 4.5 μg/ml, 1.2
50
folds).
Conclusion: Several plants selected from Thai medicinal plants recipe database MANOSROI II showed
5
potent anti-proliferative activities with the maximum of 100, 4.6, 3.5x10 and 12-fold of cisplatin in KB, HepG2,
HT-29, and HeLa cell lines respectively. This study confirmed the use of these plants in traditional medicine and
the potential for further development to modern anti-cancer drugs.