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Abstract
Chronic Toxicity of GPO 1986 Herbal Extract
Songpol Chivapat*, Aimmanas Attawish*, Pranee Chavalittumrong**, Vanida Chantarateptawan #
*Medicinal Plant Research Institute, **Senior Technical Office, Department of Medical Sciences,
#
Nonthaburi Province, Thailand. Research and Development Institute, Government Pharmaceutical Orgainization
GPO 1986 is a mixture of eight herbal extracts from Canna indica L., Polyagala chinensis L., Clinacanthus
nutans Lindau, Ammania baccifera L., Acanthus ebracteatus Vahl, Mallotus Philippensis Muell. Arg., Smilax
corbularia Kunthr, and Pygmaeopremma herbacea (Roxb.) Mold. This recipe is used by the Government Phar-
maceutical Organization in a clinical trial on mammary cancer. Chronic toxicity of GPO 1986 was conducted
in 168 Wistar rats randomly divided into 7 groups of 24 rats each (12 males and 12 females ). Group 1 was a
control group receiving distilled water and groups 2 to 4 were orally administered with GPO 1986 at doses of
0.24, 1.2, 3.6 g/kg/day, respectively, for 6 months. Group 5 was the recovery group receiving GPO 1986 at the
dose of 3.6 g/kg/day for 6 months; after that, the animals were further raised without GPO 1986 for 2 weeks
before autopsy. Group 6 was the control group receiving distilled water. Group 7 was orally administered
GPO 1986 at the dose of 3.6 g/kg/day for 9 months. The results showed that GPO 1986 did not affect body
weights and animal health. Male rats receiving GPO 1986 at doses of 1.2 and 3.6 g/kg/day for 6 months and
male rats receiving GPO 1986 for 9 months showed significant decreases of hematocrit, hemoglobin and red
blood cells. Female rats receiving GPO 1986 for nine months had a significant reduction in platelet counts
(p<0.05). However, these hematological changes were within the rat reference values. Male rats receiving
GPO 1986 for nine months had a significant increase in AST level (p<0.05), whereas the potassium level was
significantly decreased (p<0.05). Histopathological results of visceral organs in the six-month and the nine-
month treatment groups did not show any alterations caused by GPO 1986. In conclusion, GPO 1986 did not
produce chronic toxicity in Wistar rats.
Key words: herbal extract, toxicity, GPO 1986, mammary cancer