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                 3. π” ¡ÿπ‰æ√‰∑¬·∫∫·Àâß ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬      ∑’Ëμâ¡„πÀ¡âÕ hydrocollator Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘ 75 Õß»“

             æ≈—∫æ≈÷ß „∫ â¡ªÉÕ¬ „∫‡μ¬ ‚°∞®ÿÓ≈—¡æ“ ™π‘¥≈–  ‡´≈‡´’¬  Õ¬à“ßπâÕ¬ 30 π“∑’ °àÕππ”¡“Ààե⫬ºâ“
             6 °”¡◊Õ (Àπ—° 6 °√—¡) „∫¡–°√Ÿ¥ „∫¡–¢“¡ «à“ππÈ”  ¢πÀπŸÀπ“ 8 ™—Èπ ‚¥¬Õ“ “ ¡—§√∑—Èß Õß°≈ÿà¡®–‰¥â
             ™π‘¥≈– 6 °”¡◊Õ (Àπ—° 12 °√—¡) „∫Àπ“¥ „∫‡ª≈â“  √—∫°“√«“ß·ºàπª√–§∫√âÕπ∫√‘‡«≥À≈—ß à«π≈à“ß„π∑à“

             ™π‘¥≈– 6 °”¡◊Õ (Àπ—° 18 °√—¡) μ–‰§√â 6 °”¡◊Õ  πÕπ§«Ë”  Õß¡◊Õª√– “π°—π‰«â∑’ËÀπ⓺“° ·≈–¡’
             (Àπ—° 48 °√—¡) ¢¡‘Èπ 10 °”¡◊Õ (Àπ—° 90 °√—¡) ‰æ≈  À¡Õπ√Õß„μâ¢âÕ‡∑â“ ºŸâ«‘®—¬ Õ¥‡∑Õ√å‚¡¡‘‡μÕ√å·∫∫
             14 °”¡◊Õ (Àπ—° 140 °√—¡) ‡°≈◊Õ 6 ™âÕπ‚μä– (Àπ—°  ª√Õ∑‰«â√–À«à“ߺ‘«Àπ—ß·≈–·ºàπª√–§∫√âÕπ Õà“π

             18 °√—¡) ·≈– ·≈–°“√∫Ÿ√ 6 ™âÕπ™“ (Àπ—° 15 °√—¡)  §à“Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘∑ÿ° 1 π“∑’ ®π°√–∑—Ëߧ√∫ 30 π“∑’
             §≈ÿ°‡§≈â“ ¡ÿπ‰æ√„À⇢⓰—π ·≈â«∫√√®ÿ≈ß„π∂ÿߺâ“
                                                        °“√«‘‡§√“–Àå¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈
             ·ºàπª√–§∫√âÕπ∑’ˇμ√’¬¡‰«â
                 4. π”·ºàπª√–§∫√âÕπ ¡ÿπ‰æ√‰∑¬·™àπÈ”æÕ        „™â ∂‘μ‘æ√√≥π“ (descriptive statistic) ‡æ◊ËÕ
             À¡“¥ (ª√–¡“≥ 2-3 π“∑’) ‡¢â“Õ∫„π‡μ“‰¡‚§√‡«ø  Õ∏‘∫“¬¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈∑—Ë«‰ª¢ÕßÕ“ “ ¡—§√ ‚¥¬«‘‡§√“–À宓°

             ‡ªìπ‡«≈“ 5 π“∑’                            §à“‡©≈’ˬ·≈– à«π‡∫’ˬ߇∫π¡“μ√∞“π ·≈–„™â ∂‘μ‘ in-
                                                        dependent t-test ‡æ◊ËÕ‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘∑’Ë«—¥
             «‘∏’°“√»÷°…“
                                                        ‰¥â∫√‘‡«≥º‘«Àπ—ß√–À«à“ßÕ“ “ ¡—§√°≈ÿà¡∑¥≈Õß
                 °“√»÷°…“π’ȇªìπ°“√»÷°…“‡™‘ß∑¥≈Õß·∫∫ ÿà¡  ·≈–°≈ÿࡧ«∫§ÿ¡ °”Àπ¥√–¥—∫π—¬ ”§—≠∑“ß ∂‘μ‘∑’Ë
             ‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫ (Randomized controlled trial)  √–¥—∫ (p < 0.05)

             Õ“ “ ¡—§√®–‰¥â√—∫°“√·∫à߇¢â“°≈ÿà¡∑¥≈Õß·≈–°≈ÿà¡
                                                                      º≈°“√»÷°…“
             §«∫§ÿ¡°≈ÿà¡≈–  20 √“¬ ¥â«¬«‘∏’°“√ ÿà¡·∫∫ simple
             random sampling Õ“ “ ¡—§√°≈ÿà¡∑¥≈Õ߉¥â√—∫       ≈—°…≥–æ◊Èπ∞“π¢ÕßÕ“ “ ¡—§√°≈ÿà¡∑¥≈Õß·≈–

             °“√«“ß·ºàπª√–§∫√âÕπ ¡ÿπ‰æ√‰∑¬∑’˺à“π°“√Õ∫  °≈ÿࡧ«∫§ÿ¡ ‰¥â·°à Õ“¬ÿ πÈ”Àπ—°  à«π Ÿß ·≈–‡æ»
             ¥â«¬‡μ“‰¡‚§√‡«ø‡ªìπ‡«≈“ 5 π“∑’ Ààե⫬ºâ“  ‰¡à¡’§«“¡·μ°μà“ß°—πÕ¬à“ß¡’π—¬ ”§—≠∑“ß ∂‘μ‘ ¥—ß
             ¢πÀπŸÀπ“ 8 ™—Èπ „π¢≥–∑’ËÕ“ “ ¡—§√°≈ÿࡧ«∫§ÿ¡  · ¥ß„πμ“√“ß∑’Ë 1

             ®–‰¥â√—∫°“√«“ß·ºàπª√–§∫√âÕπ∑“ß°“¬¿“æ∫”∫—¥       ®“°°“√«—¥Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘∑’˺‘«Àπ—ߢÕßÕ“ “ ¡—§√
                                                        æ∫«à“ Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘‡√‘Ë¡μâπ„ππ“∑’∑’Ë 1 ¢Õß∑—Èß Õß°≈ÿà¡

                                                        ‰¡à¡’§«“¡·μ°μà“ß°—π ®“°π—ÈπÕÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘∑’˺‘«Àπ—ߢÕß
                                                        ∑—Èß Õß°≈ÿࡧàÕ¬ Ê ‡æ‘Ë¡¢÷Èπ °≈ÿࡧ«∫§ÿ¡¡’Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘
                                                        ‡æ‘Ë¡¢÷Èπ‡√Á«°«à“°≈ÿà¡∑¥≈Õß ‚¥¬¡’Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘‡æ‘Ë¡®π

                                                        °√–∑—ËßÕ¬Ÿà„π™à«ß∑’ˇÀ¡“– ¡ ”À√—∫°“√√—°…“ §◊Õ 40 -
                                                        45 Õß»“‡´≈‡´’¬  μ—Èß·μàπ“∑’∑’Ë 3 ∂÷ßπ“∑’∑’Ë 27 „π

                                                        ¢≥–∑’Ë°≈ÿà¡∑¥≈Õß¡’Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘‡À¡“– ¡ „ππ“∑’∑’Ë 5
                              √Ÿª∑’Ë 1                  ∂÷ßπ“∑’∑’Ë 24 ·≈–‡¡◊ËÕ‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫Õÿ≥À¿Ÿ¡‘∑’˺‘«Àπ—ß
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