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tical line passes through the highest point of to the border of the patella up to the ASIS
the iliac crest which is approximately 5 (Figure 1).

fingerbreadths (10 cm.), whereas the horizon- BL3 is an imaginary line drawn from
tal line passes through the ASIS (Figure 2). approximately 5 fingerbreadths (10 cm.) be-
OSP2 is the point where an imaginary low the ASIS down to the upper lateral part

vertical line and horizontal line intersect. The of the patella approximately 2 fingerbreadth
vertical line passes through the posterior point (4 cm.) (Figure 1).
of the ASIS which is approximately 2 finger- BL4 is an imaginary line drawn from

breadths (4 cm.), whereas the horizontal line approximately 1 fingerbreadth (2 cm.) below
passes through the anteroinferior point of the the fibular head to the lateral border of the
ASIS which is approximately 1 fingerbreadth lateral malleolus (Figure 1).

(2 cm.) (Figure 2). ILs are imaginary lines drawn from the
OSP3 is the point where an imaginary fifth metatarsal to the medial border of the
oblique line and horizontal line intersect. The foot (Figure 1).

oblique line passes through the ASIS at an BLOT is an imaginary line drawn from
o
angle of approximately 45 , whereas the hori- approximately 5 fingerbreadths (10 cm.) be-
zontal line passes through the coccyx low OSP3 to the upper part of the lateral side
(Figure 2). of the patella (Figure 2).

ISP4 is the middle point of the knee joint BLOL is an imaginary line drawn from
and lies behind the knee (Figure 3). the anterior border of the fibular head which

BLs of the lower limb comprise Basic is approximately 1 fingerbreadth (2 cm.) to
Line numbers 1 to 4 (BL1, BL2, BL3 and BL4), the anterior border of the lateral malleolus
Instep Lines (ILs), Basic Line of Outer Thigh (Figure 2).
(BLOT), Basic Line of Outer Leg (BLOL), Ba- BLIT is an imaginary line drawn from

sic Line of Inner Thigh (BLIT), and Basic Line
of Inner Leg (BLIL).

BL1 is an imaginary line drawn from
approximately one fingerbreadth (2 cm.)
anteromedial to NP2 down to the anteromedial
Figure 1 Anterolateral aspect of the left lower limb
border of the lateral malleolus (Figure 1).
showing the locations of NP1 (1), NP2 (2),
BL2 is an imaginary line drawn approxi-
BL1 (1a to 1b), BL2 (2a to 2b), BL3 (3a
mately 2 fingerbreadths (4 cm.) superolateral to 3b), BL4 (4a to 4b), ILs and TAOP (x).