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was an anatomist and medical doctor. vertical line and horizontal line intersect. The
The massage points of the lower limb vertical line passes approximately 1 finger-

comprise the Nakabath Points numbers 1 and breadth (2 cm.) anterior to the fibular head,
2 (NP1 and NP2), Perd Pra Too Loom Point or whereas the horizontal line passes approxi-
Temporary Artery Occlusion Point (TAOP), mately 4 fingerbreadths (8 cm.) below the fibu-

Outer Signaling Points numbers 1 to 5 (OSP1, lar head (Figure 4).
OSP2, OSP3, OSP4 and OSP5) and Inner Sig- ISP1 is the intersecting point of a verti-
naling Points numbers 1 to 5 (ISP1, ISP2, ISP3, cal line passing approximately 3 finger-

ISP4 and ISP5). They are divided into: breadths (6 cm.) posterior to the midline of
1) Massage points NP1, NP2 and TAOP the inner thigh with a horizontal line drawn
(Figure 1) adjacent to the gluteal fold (Figure 5).

NP1 is the point where a vertical line ISP2 is the intersecting point of a verti-
passing through the lateral edge of the pa- cal line passing through the midline of the
tella intersects with a horizontal line passing inner thigh with a horizontal line drawn 2

approximately 2 fingerbreadths (4 cm.) be- fingerbreadths (4 cm.) below the gluteal fold
low the lower part of the patella, while NP2 is on the inner side of the thigh (Figure 5).
approximately one fingerbreadth below NP1 ISP3 is the intersecting point of a verti-
(Figure 1). cal line passing approximately 1 fingerbreadth

TAOP is the point where an oblique line (2 cm.) anterior to the midline of the inner
passes through the Anterior Superior Iliac thigh with a horizontal line drawn 4 finger-

Spine (ASIS or Huatakak in Thai) at an angle breadths (8 cm.) above the patella on the in-
o
of approximately 45 (Figure 1). ner side of the thigh (Figure 5).
2) Signaling points OSP4, OSP5, ISP1, ISP5 is the intersecting point of a verti-
ISP2, ISP3 and ISP5 cal line passing adjacent to the posterior bor-

OSP4 is the point where an imaginary der of the medial malleolus with a horizontal
vertical line and horizontal line intersect. The line drawn adjacent to the lower border of

vertical line passes through the tendons on the medial malleolus (Figure 5).
the lateral side of the knee, while the hori- 3) Points that are considered to be both
zontal line passes approximately 4 finger- massage points and SPs include OSP1, OSP2,
breadths (8 cm.) above the tendons on the OSP3 and ISP4.

lateral side of the knee (Figure 4). OSP1 is the point where an imaginary
OSP5 is the point where an imaginary vertical and horizontal line intersect. The ver-