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Effects of Tai Chi Exercise Promotion Program for Knee Pain Relief among
Elderly with Osteoarthritis in Thai Traditional and Integrated Medicine
Hospital, Bangkok

†,‡
Sarunya Jansorn*, Mondha Kengganpanich , Tharadol Kengganpanich †
*Master of Science (Public Health) Program in Health Education and Health Promotion, Mahidol University, Bangkok
10400, Thailand
†
Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
‡
Corresponding: kmondha@yahoo.com

Abstract
Bone and joint diseases especially osteoarthritis of the knee among elderly persons are increasingly an
important problem in the Thai health system. This research aimed to assess the effects of the çTai Chié
exercise promotion program for relieving knee pain in elderly patients with osteoarthritis at the Thai
Traditional and Integrated Medicine Hospital in Bangkok using the self-efficacy theory and a quasi-
experimental, two-group pretest-posttest research design. The participants were 46 elderly patients with
knee osteoarthritis at the Knee Osteoarthritis Clinic of the hospital, 23 each in the experimental and
comparison groups. The study was carried out for 6 weeks. In the first week, the activities included
providing information about knee osteoarthritis and Tai Chi exercise to enhance the experimental
groupûs perceived self-efficacy; demonstration and practices of three Tai Chi exercise postures (Tawan
Berkfah, Pai-ruea Klangnam and Mekkhala Lor-klaew) using a VDO media. In the second week, there
were reviews of the three Tai Chi postures using live models selected from the group, opinion
exchanges, encouragement and admiration. The activities in the third and fifth weeks included tele-
phone stimulation, follow-up, questioning and experience sharing. The fourth week involved exercise
evaluation and recommendations; and the sixth week included data collection using an interview form
and an observation form. Data were collected using a questionnaire and an observation form; and then
analyzed to determine mean and percentage and to perform independent t-test, chi-square test and
paired sample t-test. The comparison group got a manual on Tai Chi exercise and received normal
services provided by the hospital. The results showed that after the experimentation, the experimental
group had significantly higher levels of knowledge, perceived self-efficacy, outcome-expectation of
pain relief and Tai Chi exercise practices, compared with those in the comparison group (p < 0.001)
and a significantly decreased level of knee pain (p < 0.001). Thus, the benefits of Tai Chi exercise for
knee pain relief among elderly patients with knee osteoarthritis should be widely promoted.
Key words: Tai Chi exercise, elderly with osteoarthritis, pain relief

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