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Journal of Thai Traditional & Alternative Medicine Vol. 12 No. 1 January-April 2014 21

∑“ß¿Ÿ¡‘»“ μ√å (UTM) ‰¡â„À≠à (μâπ‰¡â∑’Ë¡’¢π“¥‡ âπ ™π‘¥æ—π∏ÿå
√Õ∫«ß∑’Ë√–¥—∫Õ°¡“°°«à“À√◊Õ‡∑à“°—∫ 30 ´¡.) ‡°Á∫ (3) §à“§«“¡ ¡Ë”‡ ¡Õ¢Õß™π‘¥æ—π∏ÿå (Even-
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μ—«Õ¬à“ßæ√√≥‰¡â‡æ◊ËÕπ”¡“®—¥®”·π°™◊ËÕ«‘∑¬“»“ μ√å ness Index: J) ¡’ Ÿμ√§”π«≥¥—ßπ’È
™◊ËÕ«ß»å „πÀâÕߪؑ∫—μ‘°“√ J= Hû
2.2 °“√«“ß·ª≈ßμ—«Õ¬à“ß (Plot sampling) ‰¥â ln (S)

°”Àπ¥¢π“¥·ª≈ßμ—«Õ¬à“ßμË” ÿ¥ (Justification) ‡¡◊ËÕ Hû = §à“¥—™π’§«“¡À≈“°À≈“¬¢Õß™π‘¥
‡æ◊ËÕ‡ªìπæ◊Èπ∑’Ë∑’ˇ≈Á°∑’Ë ÿ¥ (Minimal area) ∑’ˇªìπ æ—π∏ÿå
μ—«·∑π· ¥ß„Àâ‡ÀÁπ‚§√ß √â“ß —ߧ¡æ◊™‰¥â¥’∑’Ë ÿ¥ S = ®”π«π™π‘¥∑’Ëæ∫∑—ÈßÀ¡¥

¢π“¥¢Õß·ª≈ßμ—«Õ¬à“ß∑’Ë„™â §◊Õ 20x50 ‡¡μ√ ®”·π° 3) °“√«‘‡§√“–Àå§à“¥—™π’§«“¡ ”§—≠ (Im-
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™π‘¥æ◊™ «—¥¢π“¥‡ âπ√Õ∫«ß≈”μâπ¢Õßμâπ‰¡â∑’Ë√–¥—∫ portant Value Index: IVI) „™âªí®®—¬ 3 Õ¬à“ß
§«“¡ Ÿß√–¥—∫Õ° (1.3 ‡¡μ√) ∫—π∑÷°™◊ËÕ∑âÕß∂‘Ëπ ™◊ËÕ ª√–°Õ∫°“√æ‘®“√≥“«à“æ—π∏ÿ剡â™π‘¥„¥‡ªìπ‰¡â‡¥àπ

‰∑¬ ™◊ËÕÕ◊ËπÊ ≈—°…≥–∑—Ë«‰ª „π√–∫∫𑇫»π—Èπ ‰¥â·°à §«“¡Àπ“·πàπ¢Õßæ—π∏ÿ剡â
2.3 °“√«‘‡§√“–Àå¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈ ¡∫—μ‘∑“ß𑇫»«‘∑¬“ §«“¡∂’Ë ·≈–¢π“¥¢Õß∑√ßæÿà¡∑’˧√Õ∫§√Õßæ◊Èπ∑’Ë
ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬ ¢Õßæ—π∏ÿ剡⠡’«‘∏’°“√¥—ßπ’È

1) §à“¥—™π’§«“¡À≈“°À≈“¬¢Õß™π‘¥ - §«“¡Àπ“·πàπ¢Õßæ—π∏ÿ剡â (Density: D)
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(Species Shannon-Wiener Index: Hû) §”π«≥ §◊Õ®”π«π∑—ÈßÀ¡¥¢Õß™π‘¥æ◊™∑’˪√“°Ø„π
‰¥â®“° Ÿμ√ ·ª≈ß ”√«® (μâπ/Àπ૬æ◊Èπ∑’Ë)
Hû = -Σ(p ln p ) D = ®”π«πμâπ¢Õß™π‘¥æ◊™∑—ÈßÀ¡¥„πæ◊Èπ∑’Ë
i
i
‡¡◊ËÕ Hû = §à“¥—™π’§«“¡À≈“°À≈“¬¢Õß /æ◊Èπ∑’Ë·ª≈ßμ—«Õ¬à“ß ”√«®æ◊Èπ∑’Ë
™π‘¥æ—π∏ÿå §«“¡Àπ“·πàπ —¡æ—∑∏å (Relative Density:

p = —¥ à«π√–À«à“ß®”π«π™π‘¥Àπ÷Ëß RD) §◊Õ√âÕ¬≈–¢Õߧ«“¡Àπ“·πàπ¢Õßæ◊™
i
μàÕ®”π«π∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ ™π‘¥Àπ÷Ë߇¡◊ËÕ‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫°—∫§«“¡Àπ“·πàπ
ln p = §à“ log ∞“π∏√√¡™“μ‘ (natural ¢Õßæ◊™∑ÿ°™π‘¥√«¡°—π
i
logarithm) ¢Õß p RD = (§«“¡Àπ“·πàπ¢Õßæ◊™ °/ §«“¡
i
S = ®”π«π™π‘¥∑’Ëæ∫∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ Àπ“·πàπ√«¡¢Õßæ◊™∑ÿ°™π‘¥) x 100
2) §à“§«“¡À≈“°™π‘¥∑“ß∑ƒ…Æ’ (Spe- - §«“¡∂’Ë (Frequency: F) §◊Õ √âÕ¬≈–¢Õß

cies Density: D) §”π«≥‡æ◊ËÕÀ“§«“¡‡ªìπ‰ª‰¥â ®”π«π·ª≈ß ”√«®∑’Ëæ◊™™π‘¥Àπ÷Ëߪ√“°ØÕ¬Ÿà
¢Õß™π‘¥∑—ÈßÀ¡¥∑’Ë¡’‚Õ°“ æ∫„π∑“ß∑ƒ…Æ’ ‡¡◊ËÕ‡ª√’¬∫‡∑’¬∫°—∫®”π«π·ª≈ß ”√«®
D = e Hû ∑—ÈßÀ¡¥
‡¡◊ËÕ D = §à“§«“¡À≈“°™π‘¥ F = (®”π«π·ª≈ß ”√«®∑’Ëæ◊™ ° ª√“°ØÕ¬Ÿà/

e = 2.71828 (§à“ log ∞“π∏√√¡™“μ‘) ®”π«π·ª≈ß ”√«®∑—ÈßÀ¡¥) x 100
Hû = §à“¥—™π’§«“¡À≈“°À≈“¬¢Õß §«“¡∂’Ë —¡æ—∑∏å (Relative Frequency: RF)